Re: NS4 Aux KB Control functions
Posted: 24 Aug 2024, 18:52
This conversation is a bit funny to me. You, mtier0067 keep talking about transmitted triple sensor data while there is really no such thing.
1) Every key has its first sensor which only senses on/off - like the other two. When playing piano, activating sensor 1 will lead to nothing: no note on at all. Instead, it will start couting the time until sensor 3 is activated; from that time lapse, the velocity is calculated and will be sent to the internal sound generator and to MIDI (note-on + velocity). If sensor 1 was on and will now be switched off, the instrument may send a note-off command to the internal sound generator and to MIDI; it may even send a note-off velocity (calculated from the time lapse between sensor 3 and sensor 1) which may play a role for some types of sounds. If you play organ and have set note-on to sensor 1, you will get a simple note-on command from sensor 1 without any velocity information (as there is none); as I learned, there aren't many keyboards that are able to send note-on from sensor 1. The Stage will do it at least internally - no idea if it does it for external use as well.
2) So, sensor 3 will help the keyboard to calculate velocity information and to send a note-on command with velocity; but sensor 3 isn't able to send any note command on its own - it's always interpreted by the keyboard logic. Only sensor 1 and sensor 3 together will help sending a note-on command with velocity.
3) The same is true for sensor 2 and sensor 3 - they will be used to send note-ons for fast repetition; there may be a use for sensor 2 to help getting more precise information about normal velocity, but I never heard of some information about that. It just might be the case as some people feel a better velocity response from triple sensor keyboards - including me. To get a note-off command from a repeated tone, you should wait until sensor 1 will be switched off - but that's only an assumption from my side as it would be the same behaviour as the damper does on an acoustic piano. If there is a sensor 2 switched off and switched on again with no change at sensor 1, we have a fast repetition (from double escapement on an acoustic piano) - and if that happens, keyboards behave differently: either they send note-off and note-on (Nord) or the just send another note-on and will remember to later-on send note-off twice (Kawai).
Until now, I haven't had any annoyance with my Kawai VPC-1 on a Nord Stage 3. So no idea if that combination is a problem or not.
Channel aftertouch information has nothing to do with the three key sensors: It comes from a ribbon below all keys together.
Just to summarise: For a piano note-on command, you need 2 sensors plus a calculator; in case of a triple sensor action, the same is true for fast repetition commands. But as the time is calculated between different sensors, the same time lapse will obviously not be able to lead to the same MIDI velocity value. It's not the force that is sensed - it's only the time between two on/off sensors. And only in the special case of an organ keyboard, a single sensor will suffice to send note-on and off directly (with no velocity or a standard velocity of 100 or the like attributed by the OS).
In my eyes, velocity isn't the biggest issue for interpreting fast repetition data: It's the question if there is a damper involved in between the two notes or not - and in that case, Nord keyboards only seem to be able to interpret short moments between a note-off and a note-on command as a fast repetion without a damper in-between whereas a skilled piano player may also make longer pauses between two tones without fully releasing a key (so, on an acoustic piano, there wouldn't be a damper involved).
I'm not a piano tech, but I always understood it that way:mtier0067 wrote: ↑23 Aug 2024, 17:06 Wow this has gotten a bit complex for the novice midi user. I appreciate the detail though! Thanks for your thoughts here ))
If I think about this in a very simple way, based on how it needs to work logistically with the action of a piano it’s trying to recreate, there’s probably 3 sensors (one near the top, one near the bottom, and one at the keystop bottom) that can all sense note on and note off and transmit velocity in a triple sensor keybed. The bottom sensor can also sense and transmit after touch into.
1) Every key has its first sensor which only senses on/off - like the other two. When playing piano, activating sensor 1 will lead to nothing: no note on at all. Instead, it will start couting the time until sensor 3 is activated; from that time lapse, the velocity is calculated and will be sent to the internal sound generator and to MIDI (note-on + velocity). If sensor 1 was on and will now be switched off, the instrument may send a note-off command to the internal sound generator and to MIDI; it may even send a note-off velocity (calculated from the time lapse between sensor 3 and sensor 1) which may play a role for some types of sounds. If you play organ and have set note-on to sensor 1, you will get a simple note-on command from sensor 1 without any velocity information (as there is none); as I learned, there aren't many keyboards that are able to send note-on from sensor 1. The Stage will do it at least internally - no idea if it does it for external use as well.
2) So, sensor 3 will help the keyboard to calculate velocity information and to send a note-on command with velocity; but sensor 3 isn't able to send any note command on its own - it's always interpreted by the keyboard logic. Only sensor 1 and sensor 3 together will help sending a note-on command with velocity.
3) The same is true for sensor 2 and sensor 3 - they will be used to send note-ons for fast repetition; there may be a use for sensor 2 to help getting more precise information about normal velocity, but I never heard of some information about that. It just might be the case as some people feel a better velocity response from triple sensor keyboards - including me. To get a note-off command from a repeated tone, you should wait until sensor 1 will be switched off - but that's only an assumption from my side as it would be the same behaviour as the damper does on an acoustic piano. If there is a sensor 2 switched off and switched on again with no change at sensor 1, we have a fast repetition (from double escapement on an acoustic piano) - and if that happens, keyboards behave differently: either they send note-off and note-on (Nord) or the just send another note-on and will remember to later-on send note-off twice (Kawai).
Until now, I haven't had any annoyance with my Kawai VPC-1 on a Nord Stage 3. So no idea if that combination is a problem or not.
Channel aftertouch information has nothing to do with the three key sensors: It comes from a ribbon below all keys together.
Just to summarise: For a piano note-on command, you need 2 sensors plus a calculator; in case of a triple sensor action, the same is true for fast repetition commands. But as the time is calculated between different sensors, the same time lapse will obviously not be able to lead to the same MIDI velocity value. It's not the force that is sensed - it's only the time between two on/off sensors. And only in the special case of an organ keyboard, a single sensor will suffice to send note-on and off directly (with no velocity or a standard velocity of 100 or the like attributed by the OS).
In my eyes, velocity isn't the biggest issue for interpreting fast repetition data: It's the question if there is a damper involved in between the two notes or not - and in that case, Nord keyboards only seem to be able to interpret short moments between a note-off and a note-on command as a fast repetion without a damper in-between whereas a skilled piano player may also make longer pauses between two tones without fully releasing a key (so, on an acoustic piano, there wouldn't be a damper involved).